The 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motors are one of the most commonly used stepper motors.
You can find this or similar motors in your DVD drives, Motion camera and many more similar devices.
The motor has a 4 coil unipolar arrangement and each coil is rated for 5V hence it is relatively easy to control with any basic microcontrollers.
These motors has a stride angle of 5.625°/64, this means that the motor will have to make 64 steps to complete one rotation and for every step it will cover a 5.625° hence the level of control is also high. However, these motors run only on 5V and hence cannot provide high torque, for high torque application you should consider the Nema17 motors. So if you are looking for a compact easy to use stepper motor with decent torque then this motor is the right choice for you.
These stepper motors consume high current and hence a driver IC like the ULN2003 is mandatory.
There are four coils in the motor and one end of all the coil is tied to 5V (Red) and the other ends (Orange, Pink, Yellow and Blue) are taken out as wires. The Red wire is always provided with a constant 5V supply and this 5V will be across (energize) the coil only if the other end of the coil is grounded. A stepper motor can be made to rotate only if the coils are energized (grounded) in a logical sequence. This logical sequence can be programmed using a microcontroller or by designing a digital circuit.
