L293D IC

• L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit (IC). Motor drivers act as current amplifiers since they take a low-current control signal and provide a higher-current signal. This higher current signal is used to drive the motors.
• Pin 1 ( Enable1,2): When this pin is given High or Logic 1, the left part of the IC will work and when it is low, the left part doesn’t work. So, this pin is the Master Control pin for the left part of the IC
• Pin 2 (Input 1): When this pin is High or Logic 1, output 1 becomes High. i.e. the current will flow through output 1
• Pin 3 (Output 1): This pin is connected to one of the terminal of motor 1
• Pin 4, Pin 5 ( GND): These pins should be connected to the circuit’s ground
• Pin 6 (Output 2): This pin is connected to one of the terminal of motor 1
• Pin 7 (Input 2): When this pin is given High or Logic 1, output 2 becomes high i.e. the current will flow through output 2
• Pin 8 (VCC2): This is the voltage required to run the motor. It can be greater than IC voltage Vcc 1. If we are driving 12 V DC motors then make sure that this pin is supplied with 12 V
• Pin 9 (Enable 3,4): When this pin is given High or logic 1, the right part of the IC will work, and when it is low the right part doesn’t work. So, this pin is the Master Control pin for the right part of the IC
• Pin 10 (Input 3): When this pin is given High or Logic 1, output 3 becomes high i.e the current will flow through output 3
• Pin 11 (Output 3): This pin is connected to one of the terminal of motor 2
• Pin 12,13 (GND): These pins should be connected to the circuit’s ground
• Pin 14 (Output 4): This pin is connected to one of the terminals of motor 2
• Pin 15 (Input 4): When this pin is given High or Logical 1, output 4 becomes High i.e. the current will flow through output 4
• Pin 16 (VCC1): This pin provides power to the IC. So, this pin should be supplied with a 5V
• L293D contains two inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits. In its common mode of operation, two DC motors can be driven simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction. The motor operations of two motors can be controlled by input logic at pins 2 & 7 and 10 & 15. Input logic 00 or 11 will stop the corresponding motor. Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively.Enable pins 1 and 9 (corresponding to the two motors) must be high for motors to start operating.
• When an enable input is high, the associated driver gets enabled. As a result, the outputs become active and work in phase with their inputs. Similarly, when the enable input is low, that driver is disabled, and their outputs are off and in the high-impedance state.They are designed to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, dc and bipolar stepping motors, as well as their high-current/high-voltage loads in positive-supply applications.

L293D Driver Motor IC is widely used in a lot of applications. Some of them are as follows:

• DC motor drivers
• Two-phase motor drivers
• Relay drivers
• Stepper motor drivers